The county seat of Essex County, Newark stands as the largest municipality and city district in the State of New Jersey. The city has a population of more than 200,000 and is the 64th largest city in the nation. Also being the second-most diverse city after Jersey City, Newark is a multi-cultural city and is populated with people of mixed backgrounds such as African Americans and West Africans; people with South American descent such as Puerto Ricans, Brazilians and Jamaicans; and European communities such as Italians, Spaniards and Portuguese. The strategic location of the Newark Bay near the Atlantic Ocean made Port Newark a major shipping port for the city and for New York harbor.
Formerly, Newark was built as a township and was granted a Royal Charter in the year 1713. It was included as one of New Jersey’s original townships by an act passed by the New Jersey Legislature in 1798. Newark was then reintegrated as a city in 1836. In 1905, the city took possession of the Vailsburg borough, which was independent in earlier times.
At present, Newark is officially divided into five wards, although many residents have preferred to use specific neighborhood names. The city wards include the North Ward, East Ward, Central Ward, South Ward and the West Ward. The industrial areas, airport and seaport areas exist mainly in the East and South Wards. The North, Central and West Wards are lined with residential neighborhoods.
• The East Ward contains the city’s downtown commercial area. It is also home to many Portuguese Ironbound neighborhoods, where the city’s industry was concentrated during the 19th century. Currently, the Ironbound or “Down Neck” is a thriving area in Newark.
• The South Ward contains most of Newark’s poor population. This area is home to many low-income residents especially in the Weequahic district. Crime rate in this district is significantly high.
• The North Ward contains affluent neighborhoods like the Forest Hill. The area east of Mount Prospect Avenue is home to large numbers of Latino residents.
• The Central Ward contains the city’s various historical attractions like the Lincoln Park, the Military Park and James Street Commons Historic Districts. The area is also home to the University Heights Neighborhood.
• The West Ward contains the Roseville and Vailsburg neighborhoods. Roseville is mainly inhabited by Latinos and Italian Americans, while Vailsburg is predominantly occupied by African Americans.
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The information provided in this material serves only as a guide to its readers. It is recommended that further study and research is done and other references be considered with regards to the institutions, topics and related issues mentioned here. For other inquiries and additional information about the city of Newark and the healthcare programs and services provided by its agencies, the following contact information is provided:
• New Jersey State Departments of Health
Department of Health and Senior Services
P. O. Box 360, Trenton, NJ 08625-0360
Phone: (609) 292-7837
Toll Free Number: 1-800-367-6543
City of Newark
920 Broad Street, Newark, NJ 07102
Phone: (973) 733-6400
Website: www.ci.newark.nj.us
Dept. of Health & Human Services
110 William St., Newark, NJ 07102
Phone: (973)733-7600
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